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Conjugation of creation operators

The identity

\[\begin{equation} x^{\hat n_H} a_H^\dagger x^{-\hat n_H} = x\, a_H^\dagger \end{equation}\]

is proven by evaluating the action of both sides on number states.

To begin, recall how exponentials of the number operator act on Fock states:

\[\begin{equation} \label{eq:x pow n m} x^{-\hat n_H} |m\rangle = x^{-m} |m\rangle. \end{equation}\]

This follows directly from the fact that \(|m\rangle\) is an eigenstate of \(\hat n_H\).

Applying the creation operator to this result gives

\[\begin{equation} a_H^\dagger x^{-\hat n_H} |m\rangle = x^{-m} a_H^\dagger |m\rangle = x^{-m} \sqrt{m+1}\, |m+1\rangle. \end{equation}\]

Next, the operator \(x^{\hat n_H}\) is applied. Since \(|m+1\rangle\) is also an eigenstate of \(\hat n_H\), its action is straightforward:

\[\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} x^{\hat n_H} a_H^\dagger x^{-\hat n_H} |m\rangle &= x^{-m} \sqrt{m+1}\, x^{m+1} |m+1\rangle \\ &= x \sqrt{m+1} |m+1\rangle. \end{aligned} \end{equation}\]

For comparison, the direct action of \(x\,a_H^\dagger\) on the same state is

\[\begin{equation} x a_H^\dagger |m\rangle = x \sqrt{m+1} |m+1\rangle. \end{equation}\]

Since both expressions produce the same result for arbitrary \(|m\rangle\), the operator identity follows:

\[\begin{equation}\label{eq:x pow n a dagger} x^{\hat n_H} a_H^\dagger x^{-\hat n_H} = x\, a_H^\dagger. \end{equation}\]

For the \(V\) mode, the commutation relation \([\hat n_H, a_V^\dagger]=0\) implies that the operators commute. As a result, the conjugation has no effect:

\[\begin{equation} \label{eq:x pow n a dagger2} x^{\hat n_H} a_V^\dagger x^{-\hat n_H} = a_V^\dagger. \end{equation}\]